2025年USACO公开赛金奖组问题一—Moo Decomposition

You have a long string S of Ms and Os and an integer K≥1. Count the number of ways of ways to decompose S into subsequences such that each subsequence is MOOOO....O with exactly K Os, modulo 109+7.

Since the string is very long, you are not given it explicitly. Instead, you are given an integer L (1≤L≤1018), and a string T of length N (1≤N≤106). The string S is the concatenation of L copies of the string T.

INPUT FORMAT (input arrives from the terminal / stdin):

The first line contains K, N, and L.
The second line contains the string T of length N. Every character is either an M or an O.

It is guaranteed that the number of decompositions of S is nonzero.

OUTPUT FORMAT (print output to the terminal / stdout):

Output the number of decompositions of string S, modulo 109+7.

SAMPLE INPUT:

2 6 1
MOOMOO

SAMPLE OUTPUT:

1

The only way to decompose S into MOOs is to let the first three characters form a MOO and the last three characters form another MOO.

SAMPLE INPUT:

2 6 1
MMOOOO

SAMPLE OUTPUT:

6

There are six distinct ways to decompose the string into subsequences (uppercase letters form one MOO, lowercase letters form another):

MmOOoo
MmOoOo
MmOooO
MmoOOo
MmoOoO
MmooOO

SAMPLE INPUT:

1 4 2
MMOO

SAMPLE OUTPUT:

4

SAMPLE INPUT:

1 4 100
MMOO

SAMPLE OUTPUT:

976371285

Make sure to take the answer modulo 109+7.

SCORING:

Inputs 5-7: K=1, L=1
Inputs 8-10: K=2, N≤1000, L=1
Inputs 11-13: K=1
Inputs 14-19: L=1
Inputs 20-25: No additional constraints.

Problem credits: Dhruv Rohatgi

扫码领取USACO试题答案+详细解析

咨询一对一备赛规划